Origin
Southern and central Africa
Italy
Color
Black, Brownish, Brown
Red, Reddish, Brown, Black, Yellow
Specific Gravity
4.5-4.8
-9999
Fracture
Uneven
Uneven, Splintery
Cleavage
None, parting may develop along {111}
[001] good, [100] distinct
Chemical Composition
Fe++Cr2O4
Ca2Al3(SiO4)(Si2O7)O(OH)
Pleochroism
none.
visible
Refractive Index
2.08-2.16
1.725-1.756
Crystal System
Isometric
monoclinic
Birefringence
-9999
0.025-0.076
Psychology
Vitality
Spiritual growth
Healing
Emotional healing
Emotional healing
Qualities Associated
Protection
Balance