Origin
Canada
Brazil, Southern and central Africa, Sri Lanka
Color
Yellow, Reddish, Brown, Brownish, Green, gray, Colorless
Red, gray
Solubility
-
Insoluble in acids
Specific Gravity
2.72-2.83
4.20-4.30
Fracture
Uneven
Uneven, Conchoidal
Cleavage
Good on {100} and {110}
{110} good, 100 moderate, parting on {092} and {011}
Chemical Composition
Na 2(Ti,Fe)Si 4(O,F) 11Ulrich Henn and Claudio C.
TiO 2Michael OâDonoghue , Gems, Sixth Edition (2006)
Luster
Vitreous, Pearly
Adamantine
Pleochroism
Weak; O = colorless to yellow; E = colorless to honey-yellow
Weak to distinct brownish red-green-yellow
Transparency
Transparent, Translucent
Transparent, Translucent
Refractive Index
1.610-1.647
2.609-2.903
Crystal System
tetragonal
tetragonal
Birefringence
0.021
0.296
Clarity
Transparent
Transparent
Healing
Emotional healing
Physical healing
Qualities Associated
Inner Peace
Awareness