While comparing Opal and Carnelian physical properties, the important data you should know is its chemical composition. Since chemical formula defines the molecular structure of the crystal, most of the physical properties like color, tenacity, solubility are governed by Opal and Carnelian chemical formula.
Another important criteria for qualitative analysis of gemstones is Opal and Carnelian Specific gravity. Specific gravity is the relative density of a gemstone compared with respect to density of water. Gemologists use Opal and Carnelian Optical Properties during the identification of gemstone. Specific gravity of Opal is 2.58-2.64 whereas that of Carnelian is 2.58-2.64.