Origin
Southern and central Africa
Brazil, Madagascar, Zambia, Sri Lanka, Burma, Russia, USA, Afghanistan
Color
Brown, Reddish, pink, orange
Green, Blue, Yellow, Red, Brown, White, Colorless, pink
Streak
-
White
For which Rashi?
-
Libra
Planet
-
Venus, Mars
Element of Planets
-
Water
Energy
-
-
How to Wear?
Finger
-
-
Ring Metal
-
-
Deities
-
Venus
Not to wear with
-
-
Powers
-
Love, Courage
Birthstone
Planetary
-
-
Talisman
-
-
Tenacity
-
-
Solubility
-
-
Durability
-
-
Specific Gravity
3.82-4.002.85-3.35
1
7.18
👆🏻
Fracture
-
Uneven, Conchoidal
Cleavage
{???} Indistinct
Indistinct
Mohs Hardness
5.57-7.5
2
10
👆🏻
Chemical Composition
Mn2+9(SiO 4) 4(OH,F) 2Anthony et al , Handbook of mineralogy (2001)
Tourmaline is a series of several different minerals with unique chemical formulas. See The chemical formula of Tourmaline for details.
Luster
Vitreous
Vitreous
Pleochroism
-
typically moderate to strong
Dispersion
0.010.02
0.005
1
👆🏻
Transparency
TransparentAnthony et al
Transparent, Translucent, Transparent to opaque
Refractive Index
1.763-1.7931.614-1.666
1
3.25
👆🏻
Optic Character
-
-
Crystal System
-
Trigonal
Birefringence
-99990.014-0.040
0
0.296
👆🏻
Clarity
TransparentAnthony et al
Transparent
Physical
Neurological
-
Aids in mental clarity and focus
Cardiovascular
-
-
Respiratory
Good
Good
Reproductive
-
-
Digestive
-
Supports digestive health
Psychology
-
Protection
Healing
Physical healing
Emotional healing
Qualities Associated
Harmony
Protection