Origin
Southern and central Africa
USA, Mexico, Tanzania, Brazil, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Origins: USA
Color
Black, Brownish, Brown
Green, Reddish, Brown, Yellow, Colorless, Blue, Violet, Grey
Streak
Brown
White
For which Rashi?
-
-
Planet
-
-
Element of Planets
-
-
Energy
-
-
How to Wear?
Finger
-
-
Ring Metal
-
-
Deities
-
-
Not to wear with
-
-
Powers
-
-
Birthstone
Planetary
-
-
Talisman
-
-
Tenacity
Brittle
-
Solubility
-
-
Durability
-
-
Specific Gravity
4.5-4.83.26-3.36
1
7.18
👆🏻
Fracture
Uneven
Conchoidal
Cleavage
None, parting may develop along {111}
Good on {100}
Mohs Hardness
5.56.5-7
2
10
👆🏻
Chemical Composition
Fe++Cr2O4
(Ca,Fe,Mn,Mg) 3Al 2BSi 4O 15(OH)Walter Schumann , Gemstones of the world (2001) More from other references
Luster
-
Vitreous
Pleochroism
none.
Strong
Dispersion
0.040.02
0.005
1
👆🏻
Transparency
-
-
Refractive Index
2.08-2.161.656-1.704
1
3.25
👆🏻
Optic Character
-
Biaxial/+
Crystal System
Isometric
Triclinic
Birefringence
-99990.009-0.012
0
0.296
👆🏻
Clarity
-
TransparentUlrich Henn and Claudio C. Milisenda
Physical
Neurological
-
Enhances mental clarity and focus
Cardiovascular
-
-
Respiratory
Poor
Good
Reproductive
-
-
Digestive
-
-
Psychology
Vitality
Harmony
Healing
Emotional healing
Emotional healing
Qualities Associated
Protection
Balance