Origin
Southern and central Africa
USA, Madagascar, India, Sri Lanka, Burma, Australia, Italy, Brazil
Color
Black, Brownish, Brown
Blue, Green, Brownish, Greenish, Colorless, gray
Streak
Brown
White
For which Rashi?
-
-
Planet
-
-
Element of Planets
-
-
Energy
-
-
How to Wear?
Finger
-
-
Ring Metal
-
-
Deities
-
-
Not to wear with
-
-
Powers
-
-
Birthstone
Planetary
-
-
Talisman
-
-
Tenacity
Brittle
Tough
Solubility
-
-
Durability
-
-
Specific Gravity
4.5-4.83.20-3.26
1
7.18
👆🏻
Fracture
Uneven
Splintery
Cleavage
None, parting may develop along {111}
{010} perfect
Mohs Hardness
5.56-7.5
2
10
👆🏻
Chemical Composition
Fe++Cr2O4
Al 2SiO 5Michael OâDonoghue , Gems, Sixth Edition (2006)
Luster
-
Vitreous, Subadamantine, Silky
Pleochroism
none.
Colourless to pale brown to yellow
Dispersion
0.040.02
0.005
1
👆🏻
Transparency
-
Transparent, Translucent
Refractive Index
2.08-2.161.653-1.685
1
3.25
👆🏻
Optic Character
-
-
Crystal System
Isometric
Orthorhombic
Birefringence
-99990.020-0.022
0
0.296
👆🏻
Clarity
-
Transparent
Physical
Neurological
-
-
Cardiovascular
-
-
Respiratory
Poor
Good
Reproductive
-
-
Digestive
-
-
Psychology
Vitality
Creativity
Healing
Emotional healing
Emotional healing
Qualities Associated
Protection
Creativity