Origin
Southern and central Africa
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Color
Black, Brownish, White, Brown
Blue, Green
Streak
Reddish, Black
Blue
For which Rashi?
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Planet
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-
Element of Planets
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Energy
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How to Wear?
Finger
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Ring Metal
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Deities
-
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Not to wear with
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Powers
-
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Birthstone
Planetary
-
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Talisman
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Tenacity
-
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Solubility
-
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Durability
-
-
Specific Gravity
4.76-5.033.80-4.15
1
7.18
👆🏻
Fracture
Conchoidal
Uneven
Cleavage
None
perfect along [010] and [100]
Mohs Hardness
5.5-6.53.5-4
2
10
👆🏻
Chemical Composition
(Mn2+ ,Fe2+ ,Mg)(Fe3+ ,Mn3+ ) 2O 4Anthony et al , Handbook of mineralogy (2001)
Cu 5(SiO 3) 4(OH) 2Michael OâDonoghue , Gems, Sixth Edition (2006) More from other references
Luster
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Silky
Pleochroism
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X = very pale blue; Y = pale blue; Z = deep blue
Dispersion
0.030.02
0.005
1
👆🏻
Transparency
Translucent
Translucent
Refractive Index
-99991.752-1.815
1
3.25
👆🏻
Optic Character
-
-
Crystal System
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Orthorhombic
Birefringence
-99990.063
0
0.296
👆🏻
Clarity
Translucent
Translucent
Physical
Neurological
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Cardiovascular
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Respiratory
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Good
Reproductive
-
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Digestive
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Psychology
Insight
Communication
Healing
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Emotional healing
Qualities Associated
Grounding
Communication