Origin
India, Southern and central Africa, Madagascar
Brazil, Southern and central Africa, Sri Lanka
Color
Black, Brownish, Greenish
Red, gray
Streak
Brown
Red, Black
For which Rashi?
-
-
Planet
-
-
Element of Planets
-
-
Energy
-
-
How to Wear?
Finger
-
-
Ring Metal
-
-
Deities
-
-
Not to wear with
-
-
Powers
-
-
Birthstone
Planetary
-
-
Talisman
-
-
Tenacity
-
-
Solubility
-
Insoluble in acids
Durability
-
-
Specific Gravity
3.18-3.224.20-4.30
1
7.18
👆🏻
Fracture
Uneven, Conchoidal
Uneven, Conchoidal
Cleavage
{1011} Indistinct
{110} good, 100 moderate, parting on {092} and {011}
Mohs Hardness
-99996-6.5
2
10
👆🏻
Chemical Composition
Na(Fe2+3)Al 6(Si 6O 18)(BO 3) 3(OH) 3(OH)Gemdat.org , Management Team (2012)
TiO 2Michael OâDonoghue , Gems, Sixth Edition (2006)
Luster
Vitreous
Adamantine
Pleochroism
Very strong: yellow-brown pale yellow
Weak to distinct brownish red-green-yellow
Dispersion
0.020.33
0.005
1
👆🏻
Transparency
Transparent, Translucent
Transparent, Translucent
Refractive Index
1.635-1.6722.609-2.903
1
3.25
👆🏻
Optic Character
-
-
Crystal System
-
tetragonal
Birefringence
0.0250.296
0
0.296
👆🏻
Clarity
Transparent
Transparent
Physical
Neurological
-
-
Cardiovascular
-
-
Respiratory
Good
Good
Reproductive
-
-
Digestive
-
-
Psychology
Protection
Clarity
Healing
Emotional healing
Physical healing
Qualities Associated
Protection & Grounding
Awareness